In direct speech, we use speech marks or quotation marks. We use the person's words exactly, without changing anything. Example: Aqila said, "Come to my house after school!"
In reported speech, we are explaining what someone else has said. We don't use speech marks and we have to make changes to make the sentence work. We add "that", and have changes like tense, pronoun, time and location changes. Example: Aqila said that we should go to her house after school.
The 4 key differences of reported speech: 1. Changes in punctuation - no comma, no speech marks, capital to start speech. 2. Adding "that" in reported speech 3. Change in tense - reported speech is usually one tense further in the past than direct speech. 4. Change in pronouns - when the person speaking says "I", the person reporting says "he" or "she" because it is someone else talking. Direct:Mr Forster said, "I wanted to be successful so I worked hard." Reported: Mr Forster said that he had wanted to be successful so he hadworked hard." Direct:Aqila said, "Come to my house after school." Reported: Aqila said that we should go to her house after school.
Direct: "I don't like spiders," said Theo. Reported: Theo said that he didn't like spiders.
Direct: Dad said, "Don't forget to do the dishes." Reported: Dad told me not to forget to do the dishes.
Direct & reported speech (Video below) Warning! The video below uses the word "hell" - I didn't realise the example had that word until I read it! Oops! Sorry! Remember you can pause this to read the Powerpoint properly, and replay anything you didn't understand!